National Affairs
1. When did the Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES) celebrate its 19th Foundation Day in 2025?
a) July 26
b) July 27
c) July 28
d) July 29
e) July 30
Answer: c) July 28
2. Who unveiled the 14 scientific products and digital services during the MoES 19th Foundation Day event?
a) Amit Shah
b) Dr. Jitendra Singh
c) Rajnath Singh
d) Nitin Gadkari
e) Jagdeep Dhankhar
Answer: b) Dr. Jitendra Singh
3. Which of the following is one of the key initiatives unveiled by MoES on its 19th Foundation Day?
a) National Earthquake Monitoring System
b) Bharat Forecast System – Extended Range Prediction (BharatFS-ERP)
c) Coastal Defense Radar Network
d) Urban Flood Prediction Model
e) Solar Weather Forecasting Tool
Answer: b) Bharat Forecast System – Extended Range Prediction (BharatFS-ERP)
4. How many Doppler Weather Radars (DWRs) were operational in India by 2025, as per the MoES?
a) 15
b) 25
c) 41
d) 50
e) 60
Answer: c) 41
5. What is the extended lead time for cyclone warnings as reported by MoES in 2025?
a) 5 days
b) 7 days
c) 10 days
d) 12 days
e) 15 days
Answer: c) 10 days
6. Which city in Uttar Pradesh was chosen for the AI-based Intelligent Traffic Management System (AI-ITMS) pilot project?
a) Kanpur
b) Lucknow
c) Varanasi
d) Agra
e) Noida
Answer: b) Lucknow
7. Which organizations are implementing the AI-based Road Safety Pilot Project in Uttar Pradesh?
a) MoRTH and DRDO
b) ITI Limited and mLogica
c) NHAI and TCS
d) BEL and Infosys
e) HAL and Wipro
Answer: b) ITI Limited and mLogica
8. What is the budget allocation by the Uttar Pradesh government for the AI-based Road Safety Pilot Project in 2025–26?
a) Rs 5 crore
b) Rs 8 crore
c) Rs 10 crore
d) Rs 12 crore
e) Rs 15 crore
Answer: c) Rs 10 crore
9. Which legal framework must the AI-based Road Safety Pilot Project in Uttar Pradesh comply with?
a) Information Technology Act, 2000
b) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
c) National Highway Act, 1956
d) Road Transport Safety Act, 1990
e) Traffic Management Act, 1975
Answer: b) Motor Vehicles Act, 1988
10. Which department signed an MoU with Ather Energy Limited to boost EV manufacturing?
a) Ministry of Power
b) Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)
c) Ministry of Road Transport and Highways
d) Ministry of New and Renewable Energy
e) Ministry of Heavy Industries
Answer: b) Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)
11. What is the name of the initiative under which DPIIT and Ather Energy signed the MoU?
a) Make in India
b) Build in Bharat
c) Startup India
d) Atmanirbhar Bharat
e) Digital India
Answer: b) Build in Bharat
12. Where is the state-of-the-art testing facility under the Defence Testing Infrastructure Scheme (DTIS) being set up by MoD and TIDCO?
a) Chennai, Tamil Nadu
b) Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
c) Tiruchirappali, Tamil Nadu
d) Madurai, Tamil Nadu
e) Salem, Tamil Nadu
Answer: c) Tiruchirappali, Tamil Nadu
13. What percentage of funding for the DTIS testing facility in Tiruchirappali is provided by the Government of India as grant-in-aid?
a) 50%
b) 60%
c) 75%
d) 80%
e) 90%
Answer: c) 75%
14. Which company leads the Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) for the DTIS testing facility in Tiruchirappali?
a) Bharat Earth Movers Limited (BEML)
b) Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
c) Micro Labs Limited
d) Vaidheswaran Industries
e) Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation (TIDCO)
Answer: c) Micro Labs Limited
15. How many testing facilities have been approved under the DTIS by the Ministry of Defence as of July 2025?
a) 5
b) 6
c) 7
d) 8
e) 9
Answer: c) 7
International Affairs
16. What percentage of the world’s population was affected by hunger in 2024, according to the UN’s SOFI 2025 report?
a) 7.5%
b) 8.2%
c) 8.5%
d) 8.7%
e) 9.0%
Answer: b) 8.2%
17. Where was the UN’s SOFI 2025 report released?
a) New York, USA
b) Geneva, Switzerland
c) Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
d) Rome, Italy
e) Paris, France
Answer: c) Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
18. Which UN agency is NOT involved in preparing the SOFI 2025 report?
a) Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO)
b) International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
c) World Health Organisation (WHO)
d) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
e) World Food Programme (WFP)
Answer: d) United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
19. What was the Prevalence of Undernourishment (PoU) in Asia in 2024, as per the SOFI 2025 report?
a) 6.7%
b) 7.5%
c) 7.9%
d) 8.2%
e) 8.5%
Answer: a) 6.7%
20. What percentage of Indian children under the age of 5 suffered from wasting in 2024, according to the SOFI 2025 report?
a) 15.5%
b) 16.8%
c) 18.7%
d) 20.2%
e) 22.5%
Answer: c) 18.7%
Banking & Finance
21. With which financial institutions did LIC sign USD 1 billion Forward Rate Agreements (FRAs) in July 2025?
a) Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley
b) JPMorgan Chase & Co. and Bank of America
c) Citibank and HSBC
d) Barclays and Deutsche Bank
e) Wells Fargo and Standard Chartered
Answer: b) JPMorgan Chase & Co. and Bank of America
22. What was the approximate value of LIC’s USD 1 billion FRAs in Indian Rupees?
a) Rs 7,500 crore
b) Rs 8,300 crore
c) Rs 9,000 crore
d) Rs 10,000 crore
e) Rs 11,000 crore
Answer: b) Rs 8,300 crore
23. What percentage of India’s total FRA volume did LIC account for since May 2025?
a) 25%
b) 30%
c) 38%
d) 45%
e) 50%
Answer: c) 38%
24. Which bank partnered with Worldline to drive next-gen digital payment solutions in July 2025?
a) State Bank of India
b) HDFC Bank
c) Cosmos Co-operative Bank
d) ICICI Bank
e) Axis Bank
Answer: c) Cosmos Co-operative Bank
25. What is one of the key focus areas of the Worldline and Cosmos Co-operative Bank partnership?
a) Cryptocurrency integration
b) Integrated payment acceptance solutions
c) Blockchain-based transactions
d) Microfinance lending
e) Insurance product development
Answer: b) Integrated payment acceptance solutions
26. What was the RBI-DPI score in March 2025?
a) 445.50
b) 465.33
c) 475.22
d) 493.22
e) 500.00
Answer: d) 493.22
27. What is the base period score for the RBI’s Digital Payments Index (RBI-DPI)?
a) 50
b) 75
c) 100
d) 150
e) 200
Answer: c) 100
Awards & Recognitions
28. Who won the PEN Translates Award 2025 for the short story collection ‘Once Elephants Lived Here’?
a) Arundhati Roy
b) Geetanjali Shree
c) Jhumpa Lahiri
d) Anita Desai
e) Kiran Desai
Answer: b) Geetanjali Shree
29. Who translated Geetanjali Shree’s ‘Once Elephants Lived Here’ into English?
a) Jhumpa Lahiri
b) Daisy Rockwell
c) Javeria Hasnain
d) Anita Nair
e) Arshia Sattar
Answer: b) Daisy Rockwell
30. Which novel by Geetanjali Shree won the International Booker Prize in 2022?
a) Mai
b) Hamara Shahar Us Baras
c) Ret Samadhi (Tomb of Sand)
d) Khālī Jagah
e) Anugoonj
Answer: c) Ret Samadhi (Tomb of Sand)
Acquisitions & Mergers
31. Which company acquired the remaining 51% stake in Renault Nissan Automotive India Private Limited (RNAIPL) in July 2025?
a) Tata Motors
b) Renault Group B.V.
c) Mahindra & Mahindra
d) Hyundai Motor Company
e) Toyota Kirloskar Motor
Answer: b) Renault Group B.V.
32. Which entity acquired road infrastructure assets under the CCI approval in July 2025?
a) National Highways Authority of India
b) Anantam Highways Trust
c) Dilip Buildcon Limited
d) Larsen & Toubro
e) Adani Enterprises
Answer: b) Anantam Highways Trust
33. How many Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) were included in the road asset acquisition by Anantam Highways Trust?
a) 6
b) 7
c) 8
d) 9
e) 10
Answer: c) 8
Science & Technology
34. Where were the flight tests of the Pralay missile conducted by DRDO in July 2025?
a) Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh
b) Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Island, Odisha
c) Pokhran, Rajasthan
d) Wheeler Island, Odisha
e) Chandipur, Odisha
Answer: b) Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Island, Odisha
35. What is the range capability of the Pralay missile?
a) 50–200 km
b) 100–400 km
c) 150–500 km
d) 200–600 km
e) 300–700 km
Answer: c) 150–500 km
36. Which organization led the development of the Pralay missile?
a) Bharat Dynamics Limited
b) Research Centre Imarat (RCI)
c) Indian Space Research Organisation
d) Bharat Electronics Limited
e) Advanced Systems Laboratory
Answer: b) Research Centre Imarat (RCI)
37. What is the distance of the baby star HOPS-315 from Earth?
a) 1,000 light-years
b) 1,300 light-years
c) 1,500 light-years
d) 1,800 light-years
e) 2,000 light-years
Answer: b) 1,300 light-years
38. Which telescope was used to identify chemical footprints of hot, crystalline minerals around HOPS-315?
a) Hubble Space Telescope
b) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA)
c) James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
d) Chandra X-ray Observatory
e) Spitzer Space Telescope
Answer: c) James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)
Sports
39. Who won the FIDE Women’s World Cup 2025?
a) Koneru Humpy
b) Divya Deshmukh
c) Tan Zhongyi
d) Lei Tingjie
e) Alexandra Kosteniuk
Answer: b) Divya Deshmukh
40. Where was the FIDE Women’s World Cup 2025 held?
a) New Delhi, India
b) Batumi, Georgia
c) Moscow, Russia
d) Beijing, China
e) London, UK
Answer: b) Batumi, Georgia
41. What was the prize money received by Divya Deshmukh for winning the FIDE Women’s World Cup 2025?
a) USD 25,000
b) USD 35,000
c) USD 50,000
d) USD 75,000
e) USD 100,000
Answer: c) USD 50,000
Important Days
42. When is International Tiger Day observed annually?
a) July 27
b) July 28
c) July 29
d) July 30
e) July 31
Answer: c) July 29
43. In which year was International Tiger Day established?
a) 2008
b) 2009
c) 2010
d) 2011
e) 2012
Answer: c) 2010
44. Where was the Saint Petersburg Tiger Summit held, which established International Tiger Day?
a) India
b) Russia
c) China
d) Thailand
e) Nepal
Answer: b) Russia
45. Which initiative was pledged by the 13 Tiger Range Countries during the 2010 Tiger Summit?
a) Save Tiger Campaign
b) Tx2 Initiative
c) Global Tiger Recovery Program
d) Tiger Conservation Accord
e) Project Tiger
Answer: b) Tx2 Initiative
Current Affairs Today: 30 July 2025
National Affairs
- MoES Launches Scientific Tools: The Ministry of Earth Sciences celebrated its 19th Foundation Day by unveiling 14 scientific products and digital services, including the Bharat Forecast System – Extended Range Prediction (BharatFS-ERP) and updated wave atlases. Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh highlighted the significant expansion of India’s meteorological infrastructure, with Doppler Weather Radars increasing from 15 in 2014 to 41 in 2025.
- First AI-Based Road Safety Project: The Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH) approved India’s first state government-led AI-based Road Safety Pilot Project in Uttar Pradesh. The project, proposed by the UP Transport Department, will use an Intelligent Traffic Management System (AI-ITMS) in Lucknow. It is a joint effort between ITI Limited and mLogica, with an allocated budget of Rs 10 crore from the UP government.
- DPIIT and Ather Energy MoU: The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) signed an MoU with Ather Energy Limited, an Indian Electric Vehicle (EV) manufacturing company. The partnership, part of the ‘Build in Bharat’ initiative, aims to boost the clean mobility and manufacturing sectors by supporting startups in the EV value chain.
- MoD and TIDCO MoU: The Ministry of Defence (MoD) signed an MoU with the Tamil Nadu Industrial Development Corporation (TIDCO) to establish a new testing facility in Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, under the Defence Testing Infrastructure Scheme (DTIS). The facility, which aims to boost self-reliance in the defense sector, will receive 75% of its funding as a government grant.
International Affairs
- UN’s SOFI 2025 Report: The United Nations released its ‘The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World (SOFI 2025)’ report. The report revealed that 8.2% of the world’s population was affected by hunger in 2024. It also highlighted that 18.7%, or over 21 million, of Indian children under five suffered from wasting, the highest rate globally.
Banking & Finance
- LIC Signs FRA with JPMorgan & BoA: Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) signed Forward Rate Agreements (FRAs) worth USD 1 billion with JPMorgan Chase & Co. and Bank of America (BoA) to hedge against declining interest rates. LIC’s FRA trades accounted for 38% of India’s total FRA volume.
- Worldline Collaborates with Cosmos Bank: Worldline has partnered with Cosmos Co-operative Bank to provide advanced digital payment solutions. The collaboration will help the bank modernize its infrastructure and expand its reach by offering integrated payment solutions and value-added services.
- RBI’s Digital Payments Index Increases: The RBI’s Digital Payments Index (RBI-DPI) increased by 10.7% to 493.22 in March 2025, up from 445.50 in March 2024. The growth is attributed to improvements in payment infrastructure and performance. The index, launched in 2021, measures the growth of digital payments with March 2018 as the base period (100).
Awards & Recognitions
- Geetanjali Shree Wins PEN Translates Award: Indian Hindi novelist Geetanjali Shree was named a winner of the PEN Translates Award 2025 for her short story collection ‘Once Elephants Lived Here’, translated into English by Daisy Rockwell. Shree previously won the International Booker Prize in 2022 for ‘Tomb of Sand’.
Acquisitions & Mergers
- CCI Approvals: The Competition Commission of India (CCI) approved Renault’s acquisition of the remaining 51% stake in Renault Nissan Automotive India Private Limited (RNAIPL) from Nissan. It also approved the acquisition of road assets by Anantam Highways Trust and its sponsors.
Science & Technology
- DRDO Tests Pralay Missile: The Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) conducted two successful flight tests of the indigenous ‘Pralay’ quasi-ballistic missile off the coast of Odisha. The missile has a range of 150 to 500 km and can carry a conventional warhead of up to 1,000 kg.
- Astronomers Observe Solar System Birth: For the first time, international astronomers have observed the formation of a new solar system around a baby star named ‘HOPS-315’, located 1,300 light-years away in the Orion constellation. The observation was made using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).
Sports
- Divya Deshmukh Wins FIDE Women’s World Cup: Divya Deshmukh became the first Indian woman to win the 2025 FIDE Women’s World Cup, defeating fellow Indian Koneru Humpy in the finals held in Batumi, Georgia. With this victory, Divya earned the Grandmaster (GM) title, becoming the fourth Indian woman to do so.
Important Days
- CRPF Foundation Day: The 87th CRPF Foundation Day was observed on July 27, commemorating the establishment of the Central Reserve Police Force in 1939.
- World Hepatitis Day: Observed annually on July 28 to raise awareness about viral hepatitis. The theme for 2025 is “Hepatitis: Let’s Break It Down.”
- World Nature Conservation Day: Celebrated on July 28 to emphasize the importance of protecting the Earth’s natural resources and biodiversity.